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You want to retrieve the contents of a URL. For example, you want to include part of one web page in another page's content.
Pass the URL to fopen( ) and get
the contents of the page with fread( ):
$page = '';$fh = fopen('http://www.example.com/robots.txt','r') or die($php_errormsg);while (! feof($fh)) {$page .= fread($fh,1048576);}fclose($fh);
You can use the cURL extension:
$c = curl_init('http://www.example.com/robots.txt');curl_setopt($c, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);$page = curl_exec($c);curl_close($c);
You can also use the HTTP_Request
class from PEAR:
require 'HTTP/Request.php';$r = new HTTP_Request('http://www.example.com/robots.txt');$r->sendRequest();$page = $r->getResponseBody();
You can put a username and password in the URL if you need to
retrieve a protected page. In this example, the username is david,
and the password is hax0r. Here's how to do it
with fopen( ):
$fh = fopen('http://david:hax0r@www.example.com/secrets.html','r') or die($php_errormsg);while (! feof($fh)) {$page .= fread($fh,1048576);}fclose($fh);
Here's how to do it with cURL:
$c = curl_init('http://www.example.com/secrets.html');curl_setopt($c, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);curl_setopt($c, CURLOPT_USERPWD, 'david:hax0r');$page = curl_exec($c);curl_close($c);
Here's how to do it with HTTP_Request:
$r = new HTTP_Request('http://www.example.com/secrets.html');$r->setBasicAuth('david','hax0r');$r->sendRequest();$page = $r->getResponseBody();
While fopen( ) follows redirects
in Location response headers, HTTP_Request
does not. cURL follows them only when the CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION
option is set:
$c = curl_init('http://www.example.com/directory');curl_setopt($c, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);curl_setopt($c, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1);$page = curl_exec($c);curl_close($c);
cURL can do a few different things with the page it retrieves.
If the CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER option is set, curl_exec(
) returns a string containing the page:
$c = curl_init('http://www.example.com/files.html');curl_setopt($c, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);$page = curl_exec($c);curl_close($c);
To write the retrieved page to a file, open a file handle for
writing with fopen( ) and set the CURLOPT_FILE
option to the file handle:
$fh = fopen('local-copy-of-files.html','w') or die($php_errormsg);$c = curl_init('http://www.example.com/files.html');curl_setopt($c, CURLOPT_FILE, $fh);curl_exec($c);curl_close($c);
To pass the cURL resource and the contents of the retrieved page
to a function, set the CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION option
to the name of the function:
// save the URL and the page contents in a databasefunction save_page($c,$page) {$info = curl_getinfo($c);mysql_query("INSERT INTO pages (url,page) VALUES ('" .mysql_escape_string($info['url']) . "', '" .mysql_escape_string($page) . "')");}$c = curl_init('http://www.example.com/files.html');curl_setopt($c, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, 'save_page');curl_exec($c);curl_close($c);
If none of CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER,
CURLOPT_FILE, or CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION
is set, cURL prints out the contents of the returned page.
The fopen() function and the include
and require directives can retrieve remote files
only if URL fopen wrappers are enabled. URL fopen wrappers are enabled by default
and are controlled by the allow_url_fopen configuration
directive. On Windows, however, include and require
can't retrieve remote files in versions of PHP earlier than 4.3, even if allow_url_fopen
is on.
Fetching a URL with the POST Method for fetching a URL with the
POST method; Recipe 18.3 discusses opening remote files with fopen();
documentation on fopen( ) at http://www.php.net/fopen,
include at http://www.php.net/include,
curl_init( ) at http://www.php.net/curl-init,
curl_setopt( ) at http://www.php.net/curl-setopt,
curl_exec( ) at http://www.php.net/curl-exec,
and curl_close( ) at http://www.php.net/curl-close;
the PEAR HTTP_Request class at http://pear.php.net/package-info.php?package=HTTP_Request
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Created: March 27, 2003
Revised: March 27, 2003
URL: http://webreference.com/programming/php/chap11/1
