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CTRL (Command) clicking on an object in your document
will activate the layer for that object.
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SPECIAL TIP:
Before we begin working with layer effects, I want to make sure that
you know one of the best timesaving tips for working with layers. I
find the Auto Select Layer option for the Move tool cumbersome. But
you can have quick selecting on demand. With your Move tool active (V),
you can activate a layer by CTRL (Command) clicking on an object
in the document. The layer that contains that object will be highlighted.
Occasionally, especially with small text, it may be hard to find the
right spot to click, so confirm that the correct layer is active. However,
for most work in Photoshop, this one little tip will save you hours
and allows you to work primarily in your document, not constantly moving
from the document to the Layers palette.
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In this sample, note how all objects, except the Gray
Bar layer, are surrounded by a transparent background. See what happens
when effects are added in the sample to the right.
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Now that we have done the work, let's have some fun. Photoshop layer
effects provide an easy way to add dimension and interest to your images.
As usual, I am not going to focus on the wild things you can do with
effects, but rather the basic process and how you can speed your work.
Still, it is rewarding to watch an object pop right out with a well-placed
shadow, or see a plain line turn into a 3D tube before your eyes.
Layer effects are added to individual layers. Every item on the layer
will receive the effect. Objects must be on a layer with a transparent
background, however. If you look at the sample at the left, the "Gray
bar" layer is the first one above the white background. Although
it appears in the document just as the colored objects, you can see
the difference in the Layers palette thumbnails. Note how the white
surrounds the gray bar. If a drop shadow was added to this layer, the
shadow would appear around the white portion, not the gray. On the colored
layers, the shadow will appear for each object, since the layer background
is transparent, as shown by the checkered background. The same drop
shadow was added to all layers of this sample at the left with the following
results.
Note that the gray bar layer shadow follows the white background edge,
not the bar. When it appears that your effect is not working, make sure
that your layer background is transparent.
Note: You cannot apply layer effects to a background layer.
However, if you duplicate the background layer, it becomes a standard
layer to which you can add effects. I generally duplicate my background
layer, and then fill the original background layer with the background
color for my image. You can also delete the background layer, or make
it invisible, although I find it hard to work on the checkered background.
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Changing the default effects values will almost always
provide better results. In the two samples above, the upper image has
default values, and the lower image has had the values adjusted.
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Drop shadows
I suspect that the drop shadow is by far the most common layer effect
applied in Photoshop. I would like to take a little side trip to talk
about shadows, since many people simply accept the default settings.
Although you can create an acceptable shadow this way, I find I make
minor adjustments to the basic settings with almost every image. Changing
just a few numbers can make a huge difference to your results. In the
sample at the left, I reduced the opacity and distance settings for
a more realistic shadow. A shadow is usually intended to add depth to
your design, and the best examples do not detract from the object.
Drop shadow adjustments become more than just an appearance issue when
we are talking about text. I have seen many examples of text that is
much harder to read because a shadow has been added – in extreme
cases, it is virtually illegible.
In the sample shown here, I applied the default shadow setting to the
top sample. For the bottom sample, I reduced the opacity, and distance
in the layer effects menu. For very small text, it is most often best
to find another method to add dimension to a text area. Look at the
three versions of the text below. Although reducing opacity and distance,
and increasing the blur helps to make the text more legible, neither
sample can hold a candle to the clarity of the third sample. This is
simply a white rectangle on the layer below the text. A shadow is added
to create a platform for the text, making it stand out and adding texture
to the page, yet there is no interference with the text.
The next page will go into detail on adjusting layer effects values
and the final page shows you some powerful tricks for working with layers.
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